ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY

  Choose 6 articles on obesity in teenages each article contain 250 words so I will send you the 6 articles and the example of the assignment how it should be written and the guidelines Example of annotated bibliography for: Milgram, Stanley. "Behavioral Study of Obedience." Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology 4(1963): 371-378. In this legendary psychological study, Stanley Milgram explored the human tendency to obey authority. Participants were told that they are participating in a teaching strategy experiment, where they would need to teach certain material to another participant (actually an accomplice), and then test him. Every time the “student” gave a wrong answer, they would have to administer a shock to the student by pressing a lever. The shocks were increased with every wrong answer. This experiment showed that most people obeyed the researcher’s instructions to continue administering the shock even when the “student” showed signs of pain, distress, and even silence. Many questions of ethics have been raised about this study, and the consensus has been that it is unethical due to the fact that these people were made to think that they are seriously hurting another person, which could have long-lasting psychological effects and even may push someone “over the edge” if already depressed or even suicidal. However, this study is being taught in psychology courses to this day as exemplary research. Its impact is undeniable and has been applied to numerous areas of social and scientific inquiry. I plan to compare this study, which I believe to be a pillar of social psychology, to modern studies in similar fields, and whether it is possible to come to conclusions of similar proportions, or at least similar notions, employing “ethical” methodology. OR Milgram, Stanley. “The Perils of Obedience.” Writing and Reading Across the Curriculum, 12th ed. Laurence Behrens and Leonard J. Rosen, eds. Boston: Pearson, 2013. Print. 630-43. Stanley Milgram, in an excerpt from his book Obedience to Authority, explains that when asked to obey the unethical commands of an authority figure, most people will abandon their own sense of morality in order to be compliant. He supports this argument by referencing his experiments which asked unknowing participants to harm their peers, actors in the experiment, at the request of the experimenter; his results showed that the majority of participants obeyed all commands. Milgram conducted these experiments in order to explain social atrocities such as the holocaust; he reasoned that rather than seeing those who participated as evil, we should see our compliance as a potential threat to our humanity since we feel it absolves us of all personal responsibility, thus allowing us to commit previously unthinkable acts. Milgram’s experiments, originally aimed at his colleagues in the world of psychology, have continued to be relevant today. I plan to draw a parallel between Milgram’s experiments and the Holocaust to reinforce the idea that many Nazis, when tried for war crimes, were undeserving of punishment. If justice implies that the guilty party is punished, intentions are just as significant as actions, and those who felt that they had no choice, such as the participants in Milgram’s experiment, cannot be considered guilty. OR (Milgram 1974) Obedience to authority Milgram, Stanley. Obedience to authority: an experimental view. New York: Harper and Row; 1974. Milgram reports and analyzes his classic series of experiments on obedience to authority. More than any other book in this annotated bibliography, this is the one that I believe everyone on the Left should read. It is indispensable for understanding the psychology of authoritarianism and fascism, a connection of which Milgram himself was fully aware, and long ago it played a crucial role in my own liberation from the memetic bondage of fundamentalist Christianity. The basic scenario is widely known: a subject who thinks he is participating in an experiment on human learning is confronted with a dilemma when the experimenter orders him to deliver increasing levels of electric shock to another subject (who is actually a confederate of the experimenter and is not really being shocked, but the real subject does not know this). An appallingly high percentage of subjects (well over 50% in the main experimental condition) obey all the way to the maximum shock level. A knowledge of this basic scenario, however, is no substitute for reading the entire book, which includes 18 different experimental conditions that systematically vary a number of factors to determine how they influence the behavior of the subjects. One striking feature of these experiments is the almost total disconnect between what people think someone would do when the experimental scenario is merely described, and what subjects in the experiment actually do. Our pre-theoretical beliefs about how we would respond are essentially worthless, which is why knowledge of the experiment is so important.