Assessing Depression in Adults with Renal Disease and their spouses and adult children in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Assessing Depression in Adults with Renal Disease and their spouses and adult children in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Order Description 2- include studies used Hamilton scale for measuring depression in renal patients and their families As written below I wrote this literature before you can read what I did and consider the ideas in my review,I need recent studies and rich strong information (you can used authors instead of we, I use popular because the research done by 3 members, You can use some sentences or literature from my review: We searched the literature for articles published about renal disease and depression. We used EBSCO Academic Complete on January 22, 2014. We used the keywords “renal” , “Depression” and family. We found that there were 58 articles. All abstracts were read by 2 researchers. 39 articles were excluded as they were unrelated to the topic. Depression is the most widely acknowledged psychosocial factor seen in patients with chronic kidney disease and it has been associated with a poor outcome. Major depression occurs in 20% to 30% of patients facing impending dialysis. The aetiology of depression in this case is complex. Kidney disease causes exposure to many physical and psychological stressors: starting from severe symptoms from internal organs, pain and insomnia, through the necessity to submit to a dietary regime, systematic dialysis or change in lifestyle or so far played roles and deterioration of the quality of life. On the other hand, the development of depression adversely influences the general health of a patient and also the patient-doctor cooperation in treatment; it increases the duration and frequency of hospitalization and may cause cessation of kidney-replacement therapy; it causes an increase in mortality in dialysed patients and also increases the risk of committing suicide 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. Kidney disease itself is associated with a high frequency of both physical and psychological complications, with depression being at the top of list with a frequency of 61.1%. It has been documented that depression worsens the perceptions of patients for their well-being which ultimately affects their compliance with treatment regimens 6,7,8. The research showed that The mean depression score was very high (23.2 ± 10.5). Significant differences were found between employment status and level of depressive symptoms. The mean level of perceived social support from family was 15.23 ± 5.37 (Tezel2011) In other research 75 African-American women who are family caregivers of hemodialysis recipients. Caregivers' scores, on average, reflected no depressive symptoms (0 to 15). However, three caregivers (4.0%) had scores reflecting severe distress. Depressive symptoms can influence how individuals perceive the world and self; therefore, an intervention to decrease or manage depressive symptoms would be useful for this population (Byers 2011) And about marital adjustment we found Marital adjustment in patients on hemodialysis, which is linked with depressive symptoms and anxiety, is poorer compared to the healthy controls. This finding shows the necessity of an appropriate family approach for patients on long-term dialysis (Tavallaii 2009 ) We also looked at the epidemiology of renal disease in the gulf region. We found that the age of renal patients was quite young. The mean age of participants with ESRD in included studies ranged between 33 and 61.9 years some studies included children (aged <18 years old) (Hassanien, 2012).