assignment- questions and answers

I have an assignment in Introduction to Metrology class. I want you to answer the questions in the picture attached. "note: answer all questions" Give kt some Thought 1 1. Determine which statements refer to weather and which refer to climate. (Note: One statement includes aspects of both weather and climate.) a. The baseball game was rained out today. b. January is Omaha's coldest month. c. North Africa is a desert. d. The high this afternoon was 25°C. e. Last evening a tornado ripped through central Oklahoma. f. I am moving to southern Arizona because it is warm and sunny. g. Thursday's low of —20°C is the coldest temperature ever recorded for that city. h. It is partly cloudy. 2. After entering a dark room, you turn on a wall switch, but the light does not come on. Suggest at least three hypotheses that might explain this observation. 3. Making accurate measurements and observations is a basic part of scientific inquiry. The accompanying radar image, showing the distribution and intensity of precipitation associated with a storm, provides one example. Identify three additional images in this chapter that illustrate ways in which scientific data are gathered. Suggest advantages that might be associated with each example. Ls • t mad Mather Service, KLSX 16:41 UTC 121812002 (Image by National Weather Service) 4. During a conversation with your meteorology professor, she makes the two statements listed below. Which can be considered a hypothesis? Which is more likely a theory? a. After several decades, the science community has determined that human-generated Chapter 1 Introduction to the Atmosphere 31 greenhouse gases have increased global average temperatures. b. One or two studies suggest that hurricance intensity is increasing. 5. Refer to Figure 1-21 to answer the following questions. a. If you were to climb to the top of Mount Everest, how many breaths of air would you have to take at that altitude to equal one breath at sea level? b. If you are flying in a commercial jet at an altitude of 12 kilometers, about what percentage of the atmosphere's mass is below you? 6. If you were ascending from the surface of Earth to the top of the atmosphere, which one of the following would be most useful for determining the layer of the atmosphere you were in? Explain. a. Doppler radar b. Hygrometer (humidity) c. Weather satellite d. Barometer (air pressure) e. Thermometer (temperature) 7. The accompanying photo provides an example of interactions among different parts of the Earth system. It is a view of a mudflow that was triggered by extraordinary rains. Which of Earth's four "spheres" were involved in this natural disaster that buried a small town on the Philippine island of Leyte? Describe how each contributed to the mudflow. (Photo by AP Photo/Pat Roque) 8. Where would you expect the thickness of the troposphere (that is, the distance between Earth's surface and the tropopause) to be greater: over Hawaii or Alaska? Why? Do you think it is likely that the thickness of the troposphere over Alaska is different in January than in July? If so, why?